12. Menulis Artikel untuk Terbitan dalam Jurnal. Jom Tulis
artikel.
Biasanya pelajar Master atau
pelajar PhD biasanya diawajibkan untuk menulis artikel untuk terbitan. Jadi
kita boleh, saya boleh ajar serba ringkas bagaimana kita nak tulis artikel yang
baik. Yang boleh kita terbitkan. Jadi pada pelajar yang belum pernah terbit dia
akan rasa banggalah. Biasanya artikel dan jurnal atau bab dalam buku biasanya
hampir sama. Jadi kita ada disini kita ada tajuk, tajuk mestilah yang meanarik
ya. Sehingga orang nak baca artikel kita. Kita sertakan abstrak. Abstark kita
terpulang kepada jurnal tersebut. Yang mempunyai berapa patah perkataan.
Kadang-kadang 250 hingga 300 kemudian ada pengenalan ada sorortan kajian.
Sorotan kajian ini terpulang kepada penulis masing-masing. Kadang-kadang dia
tak letak sorotan kajian. Dia letak tajuk macam contoh animasi cerita rakyat.
Letak itu dalam tu merupakan sorotan. Kemudian ada metadologi keputusan dan
perbincangan kesimpulan dan rujukan. Bukan bibliografi dah dia rujukan. Jadi
dalam yang ini, kita fokus pada tajuk. Tajuk kenalah menarik. Biasanya tajuk tu
kalau jurnal ke artikel ke biasanya tak boleh lebih daripada 20 patah
perkataan. Jadi abstrak ini kita, kalau tulis dalam bahasa Melayu kita tulis
abstrak disertakan dengan abstark bahasa Inggeris. Supaya lebih jelas. Dalam
abstark ini kita akan letak macam contohnya, ayat lebih kurang 5 ayat. 4 atau 5
ayat macam ayat mukadimah. Mukadimah ni contohnya kita letak seperti latar
belakang, dan juga masalah yang dihadapi, masalah kajian sehingga timbulnya
kita nak buat ini. Ayat ini diikuti dengan objektif. Kemudian ada metadologi.
Metadologi ini kita kena letak kalau ada sampel-sampel dan seterusnyalah,
lokasi. Kalau tidak ada tak payah letak. Kemudian semualah. Prosedur kena ada.
Cara analisis macam mana. Kemudian daripada hurai kesini kita letakkan kita
punya keputusan. Keputusan kajian kita letak dalam abstrak. Kita letak
keputusan dan ayat akhir kita akan letak apa yang awak harapkan dalam kajian
akan datang. Diharapkan kajian akan datang akan memberi fokus kepada apa
dia-apa dia. Ayat akhir mesti ada. Kemudian disertai dengan kata kunci. Kata
kunci biasanya ada 5. Teruskan dengan pengenalan. Biasanya, pengenalan ini awak
boleh letak dalam lebih kurang kita nak kenal ni kita letak latar belakang,
cerita tentang ciri-ciri apa benda yang berkaitan dengan tajuk kita mengkaji.
Pengenalan kadang-kadang letak dalam dalam satu perenggan. Ini agak penting
kerana ada jurnal yang dia sangat-sangat ketat. Pengenalan ni adalah orang
letak dalam bentuk sorotan. Jadi itu yang kena reject. Jadi terpulang kepada
jurnal yang adalah. Baca balik apa arahan yang diberi. Satu perenggan ni letak
macam latar belakang. Kemudian masuk yang sorotan jadi ini satu perenggan.
Sorotan tu macam saya kata awak boleh letak kertas sorotan kajian ataupun awak
boleh letak tajuk dia. Macam contohnya, animasi cerita rakyat. Boleh antara
dua. Jadi sorotan. Yang ini awak letak dalam 4 perenggan. Yang mempunyai
sorotan kajian 5 tahun kebelakang sahaja. Dan juga perlu kritis. Macam saya
ajar dalam bab 2 kalau tak kritiskan dia berdiri dengan diri sendiri je. Tak
boleh macam tu. Maknanya bila huraian dalam satu perenggan ada satu nama.
Kemudan sokonglah dengan kajian-kajian yang lain. Selari ke hampir sama ke apa
sokong ke. Letak di situ, juga letak yang negatif yang seperti kajian ini orang
kata kajian oleh Normaliza Abd Rahim 2019 didapati tidak bersetuju dengan
kajian yang dijalankan oleh sipulan. Kenapa? Itu namanya kritis mencari
persamaan dan perbezaan. Ini dah 4 perenggan, kemudian masuk sebelum habis
sorotan kajian ada ayat objektif, ayat objektif bukan satu sub topik. Biasanya
ayat sahaja. Dalam satu ayat iaitu justeru kajian ini. Justeru daripada
sorotan, masalah kajian semua sini ada jurang penyelidikan. Jadi justeru kajian
ini mengenal pasti dan membincangkan apa. Satu ayat je. Iaitu selepas sorotan
kajian. Makna ini dah perenggan baru. Jadi ini perenggan lainlah. Jadi
perenggan tu ada satu je ayat. Kemudian terus masuk tajuk metadologi.
Metadologi ni kena lengkapkan semua yanga ada dalam metadologi. Awak kena
huraikan sebiji yang ada dalam tesis. Ada sel ada lokasi ada prosedur, ada
analisis ada bahan. Kalau misalnya ada bahan awak kena letak sinopsis bahan.
Sinopsis bahan contohnya, sinopsis cerpen contohnya. Apa sahaja. Semua kene
ada. Awak boleh rujuk, rujuk balik dalam bab metadologi penulisan tesis
kemudian baru masuk tajuk keputusan dan perbincangan. Keputusan dan
perbincangan ini teori pun ada. Dalam metadologi keputusan perbincangan ini dia
punya sub tajuk kenalah kalau misalnya ikut teori sub tajuk ikut teori. Contohnya,
kandungan dalam interaksi perbualan. Jadi maknnaya, tajuk ini merupakan daripad
teori, lepastu dengan konteks dalam interkasi pebualan, andaian interkasi
perbualan, huraian dia dalam ini sama dengan huraian bab 4. Jadi yang ini
terpulang kepada teori awak. Kita ada banyak teori. Teori analisis wacana teori
yang saya ingat sekarang. Ada banyak lagi teori, tepri kejuruteraan lain, sains
lain, ekonomi lain, reka bentuk lain, jadi berbeza, lepas habis keputusan
perbincangan kita ada rumusan, kalau tengok kat sini sebelum kesimpunlan tu ada
nak rumuskan keputusan perbincagan. Kita ada rumusan, rumuskan dalam 1
perenggan, sama juga dalam bab 4 tesis kita, kita rumuskan kita kena sokong.
Sokong kajian yang atas tadi. Dekat sorotan. Kita ada yang ada dalam tesis
makna yang ada dalam tesis. Dalam artikel. Atas tadi yang kita, yang ada dalam
ini. Jadi sokong. Sokong itu kemudian sokong diri, sama cara penulisan dia.
Cara penulisan nak buat rumusan dalam bab 4. Kemudian akhirnya kesimpulan.
Dalam kesimpulan ini, dalam ini saya akan jelaskan apa yang sepatutnya ada
dalam kesimpulan. Dalam kesimpulan ini menjelaskan memberi manafaat,
menjelaskan manfaat yang diperoleh daripada keputusan kajian. Maknanya awak
jelaskan manfaat kepada siapa. Keputusan yang kita dapat ini, nak manfaat kepada siapa. Jelaskan tiap-tiap
satu. Dalam satu perenggan. Okay, kemudian ayat akhir. Kasimpulan itu tadi ini
samalah yang dengan awak manfaat tadi. Memberi manfaat kepada siapa dalam
kesimpulan. Dalam ini tidak perlu rujukan. Jangan ada rujukan pula dalam
kesimpulan sebab kita dah ada rujukan sokong, kesimpulan ini nak beri manfaat
sahaja jadi tak perlu letak rujukan. Kemudian ayat akhir dalam kesimpulan, kita
letaklah “Diharapkan kajian akan datang” ingat tak yang ayat saya cakap tadi.
Ayat tu ada dalam abstrak. Jangan copy paste, ubah sikit ayat tu. Ada dalam
abstrak. Iaitu “Diharapkan kajian akan datang memberi fokus kepada lirik lagu
cerita rakyat”, contohnya. Jadi ada kaitan. Ini macam cadangan akan datang
kita. Inilah kita masuk dalam ayat akhir. Jadi dalam ini, terpulang sebenar
kepada jurnal atau bab dalam buku. Jumlah perketaan biasanya 5500. Ada yang
orang kata, jurnal yang sangat ketat peraturan dia kata, okay satu artikel dia
boleh terima 3000. Jadi jangan lebih, kalau lebih biasanya dia suruh bayar.
Terpulang kepada jurnal. Ada jurnal dia kata perlu 10000. Ikut jelah patah
perkataan dia. Ada jurnal dia punya sub topik ini berbeza. Kita ikut. Terpulang
kepada jurnal. Ini yang biasa. Ada jurnal yang kata ini. Jadi tulisan artikel
untuk artikel untuk jurnal dan artikel untuk bab dalam buku juga sama
sebenarnya. Penulisan ini biasanya memang kita kena ada. Kalau penulisan untuk
pelajar sastera pun sama. Memang kena ada pengenalan, kena ada ayat objektif,
keputusan perbincangan pun sama, cara menganalisis, tengok awak pakai jadual,
taknak pakai jadual, awak nak sokong macam saya katakan awak nak sokong dekat
rumusan ke. Awak nak sokong dekat data ke. Masa huraian pun boleh. Tidak ada
masalah. Biasa ini adalah penulisan artikel jurnal untuk semua bidang. Mungkin
yang lain terpulang kepada arahan. Yang diberi oleh jurnal tersebut. Jadi yang
penting juga, satu kena ada penanda wacana. Tiap-tiap halamna tesis kena ada,
artikel pun nak ada. Nanti bila dah habis awak buat tesis, awak hafal penanda
wacana. Beratus penada wacana. Dalam buku ni sikit je, mungkin ada lagi banyak
yang awak kena hafal. Penanda wacana mesti penting. Kemudian awak perlu semak
banyak kali. Semak dari segi ejaan, tatabahasa, semua. Semua kena semak. Lepas
tu semak juga rujukan. Okay rujukan dalam artikel ada dalam rujukan. Dan juga,
ini mesti ada. Ingat ya baca arahan berkali-kali. Dan juga penting macam saya
kata tadi, tajuk artikel tak menarik orang pun tak nak baca. Kata kunci penting
kerana disini kalau kita type kat Google artikel akan keluar. Kena pastikan
semua kepentingan semua ada dalam artikel awak. Kalau lihat disini, serupa juga
dalam ini kena 70% rujukan terkini. Jumlah semua artikel, semua rujukan, ini
jumlah 5 tahun kebelakang darab 100 sama dengan mesti 70%. Kebanyakan artikel,
pastikan tahun yang awak hantar artikel itu contohnya 2020, artikel yang 2020
ni mesi ada sekurangnya 3. Tahun terkini mesti ada 3. Janganlah misalnya awak
hantar artikel tu 2020, 2020 punya artikel tak ada. Tidak boleh mesti kena ada.
Jadi jumlah 70%. dalam 70% ni ada minima 3 artikel yang tahun itu. Tahun yang
hantar, tahun terkini. Kalau 2020, 2020. Kalau sebut artikel ini tidak susah.
Kajian dari tesis itu ubah ayat dia jadikan artikel. Kita ni sebagai penyelidik
kutip data. Kadang-kadang data berlebih. Kita kena kutip data lebih tak boleh
cuckup-cukup. Kadang-kadang pelajar tanya saya, “Prof saya punya data sudah
ambil, saya temubual pelajar, kebetulan kawan dia ada disitu, jadi saya
temubual, jadi data saya lebih.” Baguslah saya kata, sebab mugkin data ini
tidak cukup boleh guna data yang lebih. Perlu mohon kebenaran untuk mengutip
data. Kementerian kalau nak pergi sekolah. Semua perlukan kebenaran, kecuali
awak nak ambil data daripada anak buah kat rumah juga perlu kebenaran. Mahu
kakak abang tak tegur 5 tahun kalau ambil video anak dia masukkan dalam tesis.
Tak dapat duit raya. Jadi perlukan kebenaran bertulis. Kalau kebenaran yang
video ada juga boleh. Kalau kena saman sekurang-kurangnya awak ada. “Ini dia
sebenarnya kebenaran saya dapat.” “Atapun dia tanya mana kebenaran, awak
disaman RM250000 sebab tanpa kebenaran awak temu bual pekerja saya dari
syarikat.” “Saya ada kebenaran daripada ini kebetulan pengurus besar dia kata
boleh videokan pakai untuk kebenaran.” Artikel ini semua ada kebenaran.
Letakkan nama sampel contohnya, jangan letak nama sebenar. Nati semua budak
yang nama dia contohnya Muhammad Yusoh ada lebih kurang 450 datang tuntut saman
kenapa guna nama saya dalam ini.
Write Articles for
Publications in Journals.
Let's Write an article.
Usually Master students or PhD students are usually required to write articles
for publication. So we can, I can teach you briefly how we want to write a good
article. That we can publish. So for students who have never been published he
will feel proud. Usually articles and journals or chapters in books are usually
almost the same. So we are here we have a title, the title must be interesting.
So that people want to read our article. We include an abstract. Our abstract
is up to the journal. Which has how many words. Sometimes 250 to 300 then there
is an introduction there is a study highlight. The highlights of this study are
up to the respective authors. Sometimes he does not place the focus of the
study. He put a title like an animated example of folklore. The location inside
is a highlight. Then there is the methodology of the results and the discussion
of conclusions and references. Not a bibliography, he is a reference. So in
this one, we focus on the title. The title should be interesting. Usually the
title if the journal to the article to usually can not be more than 20 words.
So this abstract we, if we write in languages other than English abstract
writing accompanied by abstract English. To be clearer. In this abstract we
will place an example, a sentence of about 5 sentences. 4 or 5 verses like the
opening verse. For example, we put this preface as the background, as well as
the problems faced, the problems of the study until the emergence we want to do
this. This sentence is followed by an objective. Then there is the methodology.
We have to put this methodology if there are samples and then, location. If
there is no need to place. Then everything. Procedures must be in place. What
kind of analysis. Then from the description here we put we have a decision. The
results of our study are in the abstract. We put the results and our final
sentence will put what you expect in the next study. Hopefully the next study
will focus on what he is. The last sentence must be there. Then accompanied by
keywords. Keywords usually have 5. Continue with the introduction. Usually,
this introduction you can put in more or less we want to know here we put the
background, the story of the characteristics of what things are related to the
topic we are studying. Introduction is sometimes placed in a single paragraph.
This is quite important because there are journals that he is very, very
strict. This introduction is people put in the form of highlights. So that's
what to reject. So it depends on the journal that is. Read back what
instructions were given. This paragraph is like a background. Then enter the
highlight so this is a paragraph. The highlight is like I said you can put the
study highlight paper or you can put the title of it. For example, folklore
animation. Can be between two. So the spotlight. This one you put in 4
paragraphs. Which has highlighted the study 5 years ago only. And it also needs
to be critical. Like I taught in chapter 2 if you do not criticize him standing
with himself je. It can't be like that. Meaning when the description in a
paragraph there is a name. Then support with other studies. Parallel to almost
the same to what support to. Put it there, also put a negative that like this
study people say the study by Normaliza Abd Rahim 2019 was found to disagree
with the study conducted by whistling. Why? That is the critical name for
finding similarities and differences. This is already 4 paragraphs, then enter
before the end of the study highlights there are objective sentences, objective
sentences are not a sub-topic. Usually sentences only. In one sentence that is
why this study. Hence from the spotlight, the study problem all here has a
research gap. So this study identifies and discusses what. One verse je. That
is after the highlights of the study. This means a new paragraph. So this is
another paragraph. So that paragraph has one verse. Then continue to enter the
title of the methodology. This methodology must complete everything in the
methodology. You have to describe the one in the thesis. There are cells there
are locations there are procedures, there is analysis there are materials. If
for example there is material you have to put a synopsis of the material.
Synopsis of material for example, synopsis of short stories for example.
Whatever. Everything here is there. You can refer, refer back in the thesis
methodology chapter chapter then just enter the title of the decision and
discussion. These results and discussions are also theoretical. In the
methodology of the results of this discussion, he has a sub-title that should
be followed, for example, follow the theory of sub-headings follow the theory.
For example, content in a conversation interaction. As example, this title is from
the theory, then with the context in the conversation conversation, the
assumption of the conversation interaction, the description of him in this is
the same as the description of chapter 4. So this is up to your theory. We have
many theories. Theoretical discourse analysis theory I remember now. There are
many more theories, other engineering theory, other sciences, other economics,
other designs, so different, after the end of the discussion we have a
conclusion, if you look here before the conclusion there is to summarize the
results of the discussion. We have a conclusion, formulate in 1 paragraph, just
like in chapter 4 of our thesis, we formulate we have to support. Support the
above study. Near the spotlight. We have what is in the thesis the meaning that
is in the thesis. In the article. On top of that we, who are in this. So
support. Support that then support yourself, the same way he writes. How to
write want to make a conclusion in chapter 4. Then finally the conclusion. In
this conclusion, in this I will explain what should be in the conclusion. In
this conclusion explains the benefits, explains the benefits derived from the
results of the study. That means you explain the benefits to whom. The result
we get this, want to benefit who. Explain each one. In one paragraph. Okay,
then the last sentence. The conclusion was just the same as the benefits you
had earlier. Benefit to whom in conclusion. In this there is no need for
reference. Do not have a reference in the conclusion because we already have a
supporting reference, this conclusion is only useful so there is no need to
place a reference. Then the final sentence in the conclusion, we put
"Hopefully the next study" remember the sentence I said earlier. That
verse is in the abstract. Do not copy paste, slightly change the sentence. It
is in the abstract. That is "It is hoped that future studies will focus on
the lyrics of folklore songs", for example. So there is a connection. This
is our kind of future proposal. This is what we enter in the last sentence. So
in this, it really depends on the journal or chapter in the book. The number of
cities is usually 5500. Some people say, a very strict journal of the rules he
said, okay one article he can accept 3000. So do not over, if more he usually told
to pay. Depends on the journal. There is a journal he says needs 10000. Follow
his broken words. There is a journal he has this sub-topic is different. Let's
go. Depends on the journal. This is normal. There are journals that say this.
So writing articles for articles for journals and articles for chapters in
books is also actually the same. This writing is usually something we have to
have. If writing for literary students is the same. There must be an
introduction, there must be an objective sentence, the results of the
discussion are the same, how to analyze, see you use the schedule, do not want
to use the schedule, you want to support like I said you want to support near
the formula. You want to back up the data. Description time is also possible. No
problem. This is usually the writing of journal articles for all fields. Maybe
the rest is up to the instructions. Given by the journal. So importantly, one
must have a discourse marker. Every thesis page must be there, an article must
be there. Later when you finish your thesis, you memorize the discourse
markers. Hundreds of discourse speakers. In this book a little, there may be
many more that you have to memorize. Discourse markers must be important. Then
you need to check many times. Check in terms of spelling, grammar, everything.
Everything has to be checked. Then check the reference as well. Okay the
reference in the article is in the reference. And also, this must be there.
Remember to read the instructions many times. And also important as I said
earlier, the title of the article does not attract people who do not want to
read. Keywords are important because here if we type in Google the article will
come out. Make sure all the interests are in your article. If you look here, it
is similar in this to the 70% latest reference. The sum of all the articles,
all the references, this is the sum of the last 5 years multiplied by 100
equals must be 70%. Most articles, make sure the year you submit the article is
for example 2020, the article that 2020 must have at least 3. The current year
must be 3. Do not say for example you submit the article 2020, 2020 has no
articles. Must not have to exist. So the amount is 70%. in 70% of this there
are a minimum of 3 articles that year. Year of delivery, current year. If 2020,
2020. To mention this article is not difficult. The study of the thesis changed
the sentence he made into an article. We are as researchers collecting data.
Sometimes the data is too much. We have to collect more data. Sometimes
students ask me, "Professor I have already collect may data, I interviewed
students, it just so happened that his friend was there, so I interviewed, so I
have extra data." Well I say, because maybe this data is not enough to use
more data. Need permission to request data collection. Ministry if you want to
go to school. Everyone needs permission, unless you want to take data from the
people at home also need permission. Want my older brother not to reprimand 5
years if he takes a video of his son included in the thesis. Can't get public
money. So you need written permission. If the truth is that the video is also
available. If you get sued, at least you have. "This is actually the truth
I got." "Or he asked where the truth is, you were summoned RM250000 because
without permission you interviewed my employee from the company." "I
have permission from this, it just so happens that the general manager said he
can use video for permission." This article is all true. Put the name of
the sample for example, do not put the real name. Later on all the boys whose
name is for example Muhammad Yusoh there are about 450 came to demand a suit
why use my name in this.
Pautan video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Wvq6FToC9I
Bukti subscribe:
Rujukan:
Normaliza Abd Rahim (2019). Jom Tulis Tesis!.
Selangor: Penerbit Universiti Putra Malaysia
Kehadiran minggu 11:
